Mentoring Models

The process of mentoring consists of three models: the apprentice, competency, and reflective models.

In the apprentice model, the mentee observes the mentor and learns. In the competency model, the mentor gives the mentee systematic feedback about performance and progress. In the reflective model, the mentor helps the mentee become a reflective practitioner. In the reflective model mentoring is seen as an intentional, nurturing, and insightful process that provide a powerful growth experience for both the mentor and mentee.

Mentoring relationships can be formal or informal. Formal mentor relationships are organised in the workplace where an organisation matches mentors to mentees for developing careers. Informal mentor relationships usually occur spontaneously and are psychosocial; they help to enhance the mentee’s self-esteem and confidence by providing emotional support and discovery of common interests.