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6. Funcational Analysis and Templating
Completion requirements
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Functional Analysis
When a position that performs a large number of tasks (e.g., the management or engineering) is being analyzed, a technique called functional analysis can be used. Rather than conducting a job analysis to identify specific tasks, major functions within the position are identified. After the competencies necessary to perform the major functions are identified, those competencies can be analyzed to determine objectives for training. For example, a manager might make many plans such as production planning, personal requirements, facility and equipment requirements, forecasting materials, and formulating budgets.
The training objectives needed to perform these actions might read as: Create a Gantt Chart, Build a Capacity Requirement Plan, or Use the Basic Exponential Smoothing Model for forecasting.
Templating
Training content can be determined by the careful review and analysis of a template (a list of system facilities, procedures, theory topics, or generic learning objectives). The template technique uses a simplified process for determining content or developing learning objectives associated with operating or maintaining a specific system. This technique produces generic and system-specific learning objectives for the training and evaluation of personnel. Some organizations have approached the design of training based on the systems an individual operates or maintains. A template containing generic learning objectives is reviewed by subject matter experts for applicability. This approach directly generates system-specific terminals and enables learning objectives. It is important that the template be carefully reviewed to determine the applicability of each item to the system. If this review is not accomplished, the result can readily become “know everything about everything.”
The template technique includes the following steps:
- Develop or modify an existing template to meet facility needs.
- Use a trainer and subject matter experts to select applicable objectives and/or complete portions of the template for a given system, component, or process.